Tag Archives: Italian Australian migrant stories

The many faces of migration…

Whether it be from my past books or as I continue learning of and writing new stories for the next book, one thing that keeps showing itself over and again is that migration has many stories and different faces, even just in my own family –
William and Katherine, he from Ireland, her background, German who met in Australia and married in 1893, ahead of their time for cross-cultural marriages. The two Francescas, mother and daughter, leaving southern Italy to join Domenico in Australia, father and daughter strangers at first. Fred and Charlotte who took a chance leaving England for Australia’s ‘sunshine’. Vitale and Maddalena, kept apart for years by war and poverty. Wilhelm and Friederike who endured a terrible ship journey, Annibale who travelled across the world alone aged fifteen…

Between 1854 and 1948 they came to Australia, all from poor, hardworking backgrounds – farmers, labourers, vinedressers, coal miners. All had to leave behind loved ones, never to see them again. Some were sought out and persuaded to leave by Australian migration agents. Others were told by parents to go, or did of their own volition, all prepared to work hard to break from crippling poverty.

They did their best to make the most of this new opportunity and worked long hours, made new friends, created new homes, even learnt new languages. They stayed for the rest of their lives, were loyal to Australia, fought in wars for it, even despite the resistance shown by some to their different sounding names, accents or cooking.

And the thing is, it’s possible to love two countries in the same way it’s possible to love two parents, or more than one family member, or friend. It’s an honour to come from people who took calculated risks, were hard workers, who showed strength and compassion having gone through trying times and sacrifice, who showed true courage and resilience. Each face, each story might be inherently different, yet in many ways they are also the same. ❤️

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At the Stonehenge Boarding House, circa 1949…

Nanna Francesca with my dad (far left) and other residents at 157 Leichhardt Street, Spring Hill, inner-city Brisbane. For several years, one of the flats here was my grandparents’ home when they first started their fruit shop and milk bar. ‘Stonehenge’ – with its flats and serviced rooms where so many migrants, especially Italians, stayed ‘when they first got off the boat from Italy’.

I look at these women and their children – dressed well, hair done, shoes shined – and think of how it must’ve been for many of them at the time. Perhaps unable to speak much English, working at the cannery, a laundry, the egg board, or isolated at home, missing extended family. To me, none of the women are smiling easily and yet they’re still putting their best foot forward, there for each other. Their kids are smiling easily though, and this new generation will have more opportunities.

I have to laugh looking at my dad, as I can see why Nonno Anni used to joke that, ‘Remo had the devil in him as a kid’. This was the age Dad was when he climbed up a ladder to sit in the middle of the boarding house’s steep-pitched roof and Nonno Anni had to get him down (in the ‘Moroccan Beans’ chapter, Joe’s Fruit Shop and Milk Bar). And for those familiar with that chapter, I do wonder if the woman in the bottom photo was the sometimes exasperated ‘Mrs Simpson’ who ran the boarding house!

To see this spot in Spring Hill now, it’s like none of this ever happened. Of course, this house with its steep, chalet-style roof and walls of stone quarried by convicts is long gone, replaced with modern concrete buildings. I think that’s why I keep writing these stories (and am in the midst of another book now). They may only be small parts of our history about ‘ordinary’ people, yet perhaps it’s these parts that, in the end, are truly a part of us all and worth remembering for what may come. xxx

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Bonbonniere from times past…

The wedding bonbonniere trinkets in Nanna Francesca’s ‘good’ cabinet were out-of-bounds when I was a kid. Though I’d look at them through the glass, some still with the teeth-cracking sugared almonds – confetti, as they’re called in Italy – that represent ‘health, happiness, wealth, luck and fertility’.

This tradition for each wedding guest to receive a bonbonniere as thanks goes back to Roman times incredibly. I’d not known this as I sat in front of the tv after work at night tying sugared almonds into their net packages for my own wedding guests back 25 years ago now… 👀 To think, I’d written in Mezza Italiana of the bonbonniere Nanna Francesca still had from the weddings of couples now celebrating milestone anniversaries!

When the time came, after she’d gone, to sort through things and I got to open the ‘good’ cabinet, I don’t know what it was that made me save some of Nanna’s bonbonniere. (Turns out, they would’ve been lost in the flood if I hadn’t.)

Some are quite fancy – from weddings back in the 1960s, ‘70s and ‘80s, an era when Italian weddings were huge. I mean, sometimes 600 people. When there were champagne fountains, doves, dry ice, glass tinkling to make the couple kiss, wrapping them in streamers as they waltzed, glitter balls and kids (including me) skidding on the parquetry dance floor. It was an event and a half, and I just loved them.

Perhaps that’s why Nanna Francesca kept these bonbonniere all those years and why I still have them. (The sugared almonds are more recent ones though!) As gawky and kitsch as the figurines now might appear, they’re a reminder of happy times. When love and celebrating was in the air, everyone was together and seemed to be smiling, happily eating too much and all ages crowded the dance floor. A time that signified success after years of hard work and doing without, of being reunited and creating bonds in a new place. 🤍

Mezza Italiana

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Returning to Italy for the first time since the 1930s…

Part 2 – Il grande viaggio 1975… 50 years since Nanna Francesca and Nonno Anni took their ‘big trip’ overseas.

For this instalment, one photograph stands out – when Nonno Anni returns to Fossa more than three decades after emigrating to Australia. I wrote about this in Joe’s Fruit Shop and Milk Bar, in the chapter ‘Orange Drink – 6d’ and looking at this photograph again now, it takes me right back to sitting at the kitchen table when Nonno Anni handed me this picture and spoke of returning to his beloved Fossa for that first time. I can still smell the brewed coffee, feel the biscuit crumbs on the tablecloth, and see the tears in his eyes…

‘It seemed the entire village came out into the street when we arrived in Fossa,’ Nonno Anni shakes his head, marvelling. And having stood in that lane, I can almost hear the clunking open of shutters and doors, footsteps on stone.

He shows me a photograph of the return – Nonno Anni in his travelling suit, kneeling on the cobblestones surrounded by dozens of villagers clustered around him, many reaching out with a hand on his shoulders, his arms, his back. The emotion in his face is pure. They never forgot him, enveloping him back into their village family. Several decades of poverty, migration, and the war had forever split an entire village. A period short in historical terms but long for those living through it, and everlasting in that there would forever be those who went beyond the mountains and those who stayed encircled by them.

The younger people in the photograph must’ve been thinking, ‘who are these people?’ but it’s clear the older people knew. It’s lovely how they embraced Nanna Francesca also, though she wasn’t from Fossa or Abruzzo. Of course, she too was very keen to see her family house again in Calabria, but that is in the next part of their travels… Buon Viaggio! 💛🌠

Part 1…

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The Proxy Bride sneaks onto bestseller list…

The Proxy Bride has snuck into no.9 on the bestseller list for Top 10 Historical Fiction! A huge, heartfelt thank you to all of you for supporting my first novel. I’m very grateful. The list came out in The Weekend Australian and it’s such a privilege to be among these established and talented authors. It’s still sinking in to be honest! (I’ve been worried it might’ve been too much of a risk switching from non-fiction to fiction for this book.)

Also, since I mentioned in my last post that Nanna Francesca would’ve been especially happy to see, The Proxy Bride in the Australian Women’s Weekly, I thought I should mention the same might’ve been for Nonno Anni regarding a recent article about my books appearing in the Italian Australian newspapers, Il Globo and La Fiamma (full article in Italian online). I have lovely memories of him at the kitchen table often reading one of these newspapers with a morning coffee (International Roast boiled on the stove in the enamel pot, of course!)

I have to say too that seeing, The Proxy Bride on the same page as a Patricia Cornwall book reminded me of a time, almost thirty years ago, when I dreamt of having a book published. I was working during the day as a clerk doing mainly filing and data entry while also waitressing several nights in a Chinese restaurant and on other nights trying to write (when I wasn’t exhausted!) One lunch hour, I popped out to buy a book to read on the train home and someone had recommended Patricia Cornwall. When I think of the different jobs I’ve had over the years and all the types of writing I’ve done to this point, I definitely don’t take any part of this for granted. Thank you again for embracing these stories. I appreciate it very much! Zoë xx

The Proxy Bride

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Article by Il Capoluogo news in Italy…

A lovely surprise to hear of this article in Il Capoluogo that talks about my books. You may read it in Italian via this link or the English-translated version below. Some of the translation from Italian may come across a little differently in English. Interesting to find out how some of my posts are interpreted from afar, especially in Italy. (And in line with the article’s title, I can say that despite earthquakes, pandemics and all else that has kept me from the family house in Fossa, I still love the beauty and history of Fossa, the Aterno Valley and Abruzzo and now that I’ve finished, The Proxy Bride, I’m delving back into this remarkable area of Italy and some unanticipated family trails for my next book.) Many thanks to giornalista, Sergio Venditti for the article.

PERSONAGGI

Zoë Boccabella, the Australian writer in love with Fossa and its Abruzzo.

by Sergio Venditti

In 2022, not only Italy, but also Abruzzo begins to emerge from the “shadow cone” of marginalisation and irrelevance in a society with a strong Anglo-Saxon imprint, such as Australia. In fact, in this magical year a real political-institutional miracle took place with the election as Prime Minister of that great country the Hon. Anthony Albanese, son of an Apulian from Barletta (known only in 2011) and raised by a single mother. An outcome that was not taken for granted, with the victory of Labor, after a decade under conservative leadership, but who wanted to experience change in the post-pandemic. The Albanian government has thirteen ministers, even with a representation of Islamic faith. At his oath, the Prime Minister declared, “I am proud of my government, which reflects Australia in its inclusiveness and diversity”.

Of course, half a century has passed since that film by L. Zampa (“A Girl in Australia” starring C. Cardinale and A. Sordi), which made an era: “Handsome, Honest, Australian Emigrant would marry a respectable countrywoman”. The critic G. Grazzini wrote about the film: “It is not only fun, it evokes the nostalgia for the distant homeland…. where everything is possible “. In fact, in recent decades the Italian community has conquered, with tenacity, a central space in Australian society, as already highlighted in all fields.

This is also the case for an emigrant like Annibale, who arrived in the country from his small village of Fossa in the province of L’Aquila. Childhood memories of him are now inspirational for his granddaughter, Zoë Boccabella, an emerging author. The latter reports her family background in the book: “Mezza Italiana“, featured in a 2019 interview (to Abruzzo Economia): “I grew up as a descendant of Italian immigrants in the 70s and 80s, when having Mediterranean origins it was not as well regarded as it is now”.

In this autobiographical book, Zoë describes her discovery of Abruzzo and her home in Fossa (damaged in the same 2009 earthquake). In these memories, Boccabella touches the central heart of the return to the origins: “The first time I travelled to Abruzzo, where my paternal grandfather comes from, I had the feeling of returning home”.

Thus visiting Calabria itself, from which her grandmother came. And again memory becomes writing: “Walking through villages, hills, woods and abandoned castles, I felt that Abruzzo was a unique land” and … “I was reflecting more and more on my life experience … and on how I felt divided in half, as if I did not entirely belong to either culture”.

A journey to rediscover her origins after growing up in Brisbane (in the Australian north-eastern state of Queensland). “I started writing what would become Mezza Italiana, while I was sitting at the kitchen table of our family house in Fossa”. Still in the kitchen, this time in Australia, Zoë describes: “pumpkins, which we bought from a farmer, along the road, near Esk”. And after also their symbolic role in the land of the ancestors: “For centuries in Abruzzo pumpkins have remained a significant part of folklore and the agricultural calendar, with late autumn, which was a moment of reconciliation and gratitude at the end of the harvest” … “With the end of the seasons the arrival of the moment of gratitude for those who preceded us, who have now disappeared”.

“The cocce de morte” (heads of the dead), are carved in the pumpkins and inside with a lit candle to illuminate, welcoming the loved ones of the past, to join those present and their homes “. In this, Zoë Boccabella represents a cultured writer (with a degree in Literature and Sociology, with a master’s degree in Philosophy), determined and coherent in her narrative plots.

Now she announces her third book, forthcoming, entitled The Proxy Bride, which takes up the old custom of proxy weddings in a foreign land. An extraordinarily lively novel, “About family, secrets and adversity, imagining marrying someone you’ve never met. How she arrived in Australia on a bridal ship, among many brides by proxy, knowing little of the husbands they had married from afar, most of them coming to find someone, very different from what was described “.

The author recalls the same added value of feminist culture, in “Three Shades of Mimosas“, as a symbol to celebrate the first International Women’s Day, in 1946. A shared appeal also to denounce the Russian invasion, the loss of many paintings by the Ukrainian artist M. Prymachenko (1909-1997), with her symbolic work, A Dove Has Spread Her Wings and Asks for Peace, 1982. Yet a great Russian literature like F. Dostoevsky wrote: “Man loves to build and trace roads, he is peaceful. But where does it come from that you also passionately love destruction and chaos”.

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Tying knots and stories…

A post script – there were too many little incidents to include them all in, Joe’s Fruit Shop and Milk Bar, but in relation to the previous post, here is a small, extra story…

Just up from the family house in Wyandra Street, Teneriffe was a Gospel Hall that had Scout meetings on Friday nights. By then, it was the early 1950s and Remo, not yet ten, went along.

To his dismay, when Granny Maddalena found out, she turned up and told him to get home. ‘You’re not going to any more of these meetings, the devil is in there!’ – Perhaps because the Gospel Hall wasn’t Catholic?! – Bewildered, Remo said to her, ‘But we were just learning how to tie knots!’

Nearly thirty years on, the Gospel Hall was still there, next to the land Annibale was hoping to purchase to build the ANFE premises. He made an appointment with the Minister to see if he was willing to sell it. The Minister took a long look at him and said, ‘But I can’t sell this hall to you! The devil is in it!”, and then he winked. He and Annibale had a good laugh, remembering, and then the Minister said, “All right, I’m happy to sell it since the land will be used for another community venture.”

…Dad reminded me of this story just the other day. I didn’t recall ever seeing any photographs with this Gospel Hall in them but then, not long afterward, a curious thing happened. I went back to work looking through old photographs for another book I’m working on, and by chance, out fell a photo Nanna Francesca took in Wyandra Street when they lived there and in the background behind the car is the timber, Gospel Hall. All these years on and I happen to see this for the first time now.

Perhaps I was a bit too sentimental in my previous post, (I can be at the best of times!) It might’ve been because Wyandra Street features so strongly in my family history and now, little remains of how the area once was and another bit will soon vanish. But I accept life keeps going on, change happens and so it is. In the meantime, we connect and live on in our stories and I feel very blessed to be able to share these stories with you and to hear yours in return. Gentile auguri! Zoe xx

PPS Apologies for the picture quality, these photos are almost 70 years old now. (The older boy is a cousin possibly dressed up for an occasion and Dad as a little boy seems to be copying his stance!)

Previous post… A place to meet, share food and stories

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Sneak peek… next book

The Proxy Bride is a novel inspired by true stories and set between the 1940s and the 1980s in Italy and Australia. There will be angry spaghetti, mixed grills, mixed tapes, Dean Martin on the 1950s stereogram and plastic on the lounge suite and, above all, hopefully characters you may come to love who band together amid tough times for a new life.

To be released 7 September, 2022…

The plaited chillies hanging in the kitchen are on their way!
Buona settimana!  💛🍝 Zoe x

About The Proxy Bride…

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Buona Pasqua a tutti!

Whether this time for you is about faith, new happenings or taking stock with the changing of the seasons, I hope it brings you much happiness.

This article (pictured) appeared in a magazine a few years back in a feature looking at how French, Greek and Italian Easters were celebrated in Australia. I always feel a bit shy having my photo taken for these things and the main part of this photo is the Colomba, or Italian Easter cake in the shape of a dove that sits on the table in front of me. (I recall the photo shoot was weeks before Easter and it was difficult to get hold of one then!)

Colomba cakes are mostly bought and Nanna Francesca used to make a more modest Easter bread with hard-boiled eggs baked into it. This year I broke with tradition and made an ‘Easter lasagne’ for the family. It has been a rainy day so it seemed the thing to cook.

As for the rest of the Easter weekend, after it being very busy so far and with more rain to come, hopefully it will be dolce far niente, ‘the sweetness of doing nothing’. 😉 Tante belle cose! Zoe xx

Brutti ma buoni (ugly but good – hopefully!) 😄

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